The Value of Minerals
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Fluoride
Iodine
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Phosphorus
Potassium
Selenium
Zinc
How Long Does It Take to Burn Off Calories?
Food Pyramids
Calories
Weight Guidelines
Weight-Loss Diets
The Atkins Diet
Weight Watchers
The Ornish Diet
The Zone Diet
What Counts as a Serving?
Body Mass Index
Food and Nutrition
Diet and Dieting
The Value of Vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
Vitamin B3 (niacin)
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Vitamin B12
Biotin (a B Vitamin)
Choline (a B Vitamin)
Folate (a B Vitamin)
Inositol (a B Vitamin)
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
The Value of Vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
Vitamin B3 (niacin)
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Vitamin B12
Biotin (a B Vitamin)
Choline (a B Vitamin)
Folate (a B Vitamin)
Inositol (a B Vitamin)
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Food and Nutrition
Nutrients
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels
Blood Level (mg/dL)* versus Significance
Total Cholesterol
Less than 200--Desirable
200-239--Borderline high
240 or higher--High
LDL
Less than 100--Optimal
100-129--Near Optimal
130-159--Borderline High
160-189--High
190 or higher--Very high
HDL
Less than 40--Low
40-59--Acceptable
60 or higher--Optimal
Triglycerides
Less than 150--Acceptable
150-199--Borderline high
200 or higher--High
*Milligrams per deciliter of blood
Source: Lung, and Blood Institute
Vitamins and Minerals
Fiber
Water
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels
Blood Level (mg/dL)* versus Significance
Total Cholesterol
Less than 200--Desirable
200-239--Borderline high
240 or higher--High
LDL
Less than 100--Optimal
100-129--Near Optimal
130-159--Borderline High
160-189--High
190 or higher--Very high
HDL
Less than 40--Low
40-59--Acceptable
60 or higher--Optimal
Triglycerides
Less than 150--Acceptable
150-199--Borderline high
200 or higher--High
*Milligrams per deciliter of blood
Source: Lung, and Blood Institute
Vitamins and Minerals
Fiber
Water
Wine Glossary
Acidity
Alcohol by volume
Aperitif
Apellation System
Astringent
Auslese
Balance
Blend
Bottled by
Bouquet
Breathe, breathing
Brut
Buttery
Claret
Corked
Cru, grand cru
Cuvee (Cuvée)
Dessert Wines
Dry
Eau de vie
Eiswein
Enology (Oenology)
Estate-bottled
Ethyl acetate
Fermentation
Filtering
Finish
First growth, second growth, etc.
Fruity
Haut
Hock
Kabinett
Kir
Late Harvest
Length
Limited bottling
Lot number
Nose
Nouveau
Old Vines
Reserve
Sec
Spätlese
Structure
Sur lie
Sweet
Tannin
Unfiltered
Varietal
Vermouth
Vin ordinaire
Vin de pays
Viniculture
Vinifera
Vintage
Alcohol by volume
Aperitif
Apellation System
Astringent
Auslese
Balance
Blend
Bottled by
Bouquet
Breathe, breathing
Brut
Buttery
Claret
Corked
Cru, grand cru
Cuvee (Cuvée)
Dessert Wines
Dry
Eau de vie
Eiswein
Enology (Oenology)
Estate-bottled
Ethyl acetate
Fermentation
Filtering
Finish
First growth, second growth, etc.
Fruity
Haut
Hock
Kabinett
Kir
Late Harvest
Length
Limited bottling
Lot number
Nose
Nouveau
Old Vines
Reserve
Sec
Spätlese
Structure
Sur lie
Sweet
Tannin
Unfiltered
Varietal
Vermouth
Vin ordinaire
Vin de pays
Viniculture
Vinifera
Vintage
Wine and Food
Food Wine
Lamb Bordeaux, Zinfandel, Cotes du Rhone
Roast Beef Burgundy, Barbera, Barolo, Syrah
Pork Beaujolais, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Gerwurztraminer,
Chardonnay
Game birds Burgundy
Poultry Most white wines, Beaujolais
Fish Sauvignon Blanc
Foie Gras Sauternes
Oysters Muscadet, Chablis, Champagne, Riesling
Cheese
Bleu Sauternes, Port
Mild Cheddar Champagne, Chardonnay
Sharp Cheddar Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc
Chevre Gerwurtraminer, Champagne
Gouda Riesling, Dry Champagne
Gruyere Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
Monterey Jack Riesling
Roquefort Port
Stilton Port
Swiss Gerwurtraminer
Lamb Bordeaux, Zinfandel, Cotes du Rhone
Roast Beef Burgundy, Barbera, Barolo, Syrah
Pork Beaujolais, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Gerwurztraminer,
Chardonnay
Game birds Burgundy
Poultry Most white wines, Beaujolais
Fish Sauvignon Blanc
Foie Gras Sauternes
Oysters Muscadet, Chablis, Champagne, Riesling
Cheese
Bleu Sauternes, Port
Mild Cheddar Champagne, Chardonnay
Sharp Cheddar Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc
Chevre Gerwurtraminer, Champagne
Gouda Riesling, Dry Champagne
Gruyere Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
Monterey Jack Riesling
Roquefort Port
Stilton Port
Swiss Gerwurtraminer
Wine: A Primer
Wines Of Spain
Region:
La Rioja
Location:
North
Principal varietals:
Albarino, Tempranillo, Garnacha, Malvasia, Macabeo
Region:
Castile and Leon
Location:
North-central
Principal varietals:
Tinto Fino, Albillo, Mencia
Region:
Galacia
Location:
North-west
Principal varietals:
Albarino, Treixadura, Torrontes, Mencia
Region:
Levante
Location:
East
Principal varietals:
Bobal, Monastrell
Region:
Catalonia Coast
Location:
North-east
Principal varietals:
Tempranillo, Monastrell, Garnacha
Region:
Valdepenas
Location:
South Central
Principal varietals:
Airen, Cencibel (Tempranillo)
Region:
Andalucia
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Palomino, Pedro Ximenez
Other European Nations
Germany
Greece
Portugal
United States
California
New York
Washington
Oregon
Australia and New Zealand
South Africa
South America
Argentina
Chile
Region:
La Rioja
Location:
North
Principal varietals:
Albarino, Tempranillo, Garnacha, Malvasia, Macabeo
Region:
Castile and Leon
Location:
North-central
Principal varietals:
Tinto Fino, Albillo, Mencia
Region:
Galacia
Location:
North-west
Principal varietals:
Albarino, Treixadura, Torrontes, Mencia
Region:
Levante
Location:
East
Principal varietals:
Bobal, Monastrell
Region:
Catalonia Coast
Location:
North-east
Principal varietals:
Tempranillo, Monastrell, Garnacha
Region:
Valdepenas
Location:
South Central
Principal varietals:
Airen, Cencibel (Tempranillo)
Region:
Andalucia
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Palomino, Pedro Ximenez
Other European Nations
Germany
Greece
Portugal
United States
California
New York
Washington
Oregon
Australia and New Zealand
South Africa
South America
Argentina
Chile
Wine: A Primer
Wines Of Italy
Region:
Friuli
Location:
Northeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Refosco, Pignolo, Tazzelenghe
White: Tocai, Pino Grigio, Pinot Bianco, Ribolla Gialla, Picolit, Verduzzo, Schiopettino, Sauvignon
Region:
Veneto
Location:
Northeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Corvina, Rondinella, Molinara (Valpolicella, Bardolino, Soave, Prosecco)
White: Garganega, Trebbiano, Prosecco, Vespaiola
Region:
Piedmont
Location:
Northwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto, Brachetto
White: Arneis, Cortese, Erbaluce, Moscato (Barolo, Barbaresco, Ghemme, Gattinara, Dolcetto d'Alba, Gavi, Moscato d'Asti)
Region:
Liguria
Location:
Northwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Ormeasco (Dolcetto), Rossese, Sangiovese, Ciliegiolo (Cinqueterre, Ligure di Ponente, Dolceacqua, Golfo di Tigullio, Colli di Luni)
White: Bosco, Vermentino, Pigato, Albarola
Region:
Emilia-Romagna
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Lambrusco, Sangiovese di Romagna
Region:
Tuscany
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Sangiovese, Canaiolo
White: Trebbiano, Vermentino, Vernaccia, Grechetto, Malvasia (Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino, Rosso di Montalcino, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Carmignano, Rufina, Vin Santo, Vernaccia di San Gimignano)
Region:
Umbria
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Sangiovese, Sagrantino
White: Trebbiano, Grechetto, (Orvieto Classico, Sagrantino di Montefalco, Rosso di Montefalco, Rosso Orvietano)
Region:
Le Marche (The Marches)
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Lacrima, Montepulciano, Sangiovese
White: Verdicchio, Trebbiano (Rosso Cornero, Verdicchio)
Region:
Campania
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Aglianico, Sangiovese, Piedirosso
White: Falanghina, Fiano, Greco, Coda di Volpe (Greco di Tufo, Taurasi)
Region:
Puglia
Location:
Southeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Primitivo, Negroamaro, Malvasia Nera, Uva di Troia,
White: Bombino Bianco, Verdeca
Region:
Calabria
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
White: Greco, Montonico
Red: Gaglioppo, Magliocco (Ciro Rosso, Crio Bianco) (Locorotondo, Martina Franca, Salice Salentino)
Region:
Sicily
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Nero d'Avola, Frappato, Nerello Mascalese
White: Inzolia, Catarratto, Grillo, Grecanico, Malvasia, Zibibbo
Region:
Sardinia
Location:
West
Principal varietals:
Red: Monica, Cannonau, Carignano
White: Vermentino, Nuragus, Vernaccia, Mscato, Malvasia
Region:
Friuli
Location:
Northeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Refosco, Pignolo, Tazzelenghe
White: Tocai, Pino Grigio, Pinot Bianco, Ribolla Gialla, Picolit, Verduzzo, Schiopettino, Sauvignon
Region:
Veneto
Location:
Northeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Corvina, Rondinella, Molinara (Valpolicella, Bardolino, Soave, Prosecco)
White: Garganega, Trebbiano, Prosecco, Vespaiola
Region:
Piedmont
Location:
Northwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto, Brachetto
White: Arneis, Cortese, Erbaluce, Moscato (Barolo, Barbaresco, Ghemme, Gattinara, Dolcetto d'Alba, Gavi, Moscato d'Asti)
Region:
Liguria
Location:
Northwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Ormeasco (Dolcetto), Rossese, Sangiovese, Ciliegiolo (Cinqueterre, Ligure di Ponente, Dolceacqua, Golfo di Tigullio, Colli di Luni)
White: Bosco, Vermentino, Pigato, Albarola
Region:
Emilia-Romagna
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Lambrusco, Sangiovese di Romagna
Region:
Tuscany
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Sangiovese, Canaiolo
White: Trebbiano, Vermentino, Vernaccia, Grechetto, Malvasia (Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino, Rosso di Montalcino, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Carmignano, Rufina, Vin Santo, Vernaccia di San Gimignano)
Region:
Umbria
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Sangiovese, Sagrantino
White: Trebbiano, Grechetto, (Orvieto Classico, Sagrantino di Montefalco, Rosso di Montefalco, Rosso Orvietano)
Region:
Le Marche (The Marches)
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Lacrima, Montepulciano, Sangiovese
White: Verdicchio, Trebbiano (Rosso Cornero, Verdicchio)
Region:
Campania
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Aglianico, Sangiovese, Piedirosso
White: Falanghina, Fiano, Greco, Coda di Volpe (Greco di Tufo, Taurasi)
Region:
Puglia
Location:
Southeast
Principal varietals:
Red: Primitivo, Negroamaro, Malvasia Nera, Uva di Troia,
White: Bombino Bianco, Verdeca
Region:
Calabria
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
White: Greco, Montonico
Red: Gaglioppo, Magliocco (Ciro Rosso, Crio Bianco) (Locorotondo, Martina Franca, Salice Salentino)
Region:
Sicily
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Nero d'Avola, Frappato, Nerello Mascalese
White: Inzolia, Catarratto, Grillo, Grecanico, Malvasia, Zibibbo
Region:
Sardinia
Location:
West
Principal varietals:
Red: Monica, Cannonau, Carignano
White: Vermentino, Nuragus, Vernaccia, Mscato, Malvasia
Wine: A Primer
Wines Of France
Region:
Burgundy (Bourgogne)
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Pinot Noir, Gamay
White: Chardonnay, Aligote
Region:
Chablis
Location:
North-central
Principal varietals:
White: Chardonnay
Region:
Bordeaux
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot,
White: Semillon
Region:
Rhone
Location:
South-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Grenache, Mourvedre, Syrah
White: Roussanne, Marsanne, Viognier
Region:
Loire
Location:
West
Principal varietals:
Red: Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc
White: Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Chenin Blanc
Region:
Beaujolais
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Gamay
White: Chardonnay
Region:
Provence
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Cinsault, Grenache,Tibouren, Carignan
White: Rolle, Ugnin Blanc, Clairette, Bourboulenc
Region:
Languedoc
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Carignan, Cinsaut, Grenache, Mourvedre, Syrah
White: Aramon Roussillon
Region:
Champagne
Location:
North
Principal varietals:
Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier, Chardonnay
Region:
Alsace
Location:
East
Principal varietals:
White: Riesling, Gerwurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat, Sylvaner, Chasselas, Pinot Blanc
Region:
Jura
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Poulsard, Trousseau, Pinot Noir, Gamay
White: Savagnin, Chardonnay
Region:
Savoie
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Mondeuse, Gamay, Douce Noir (Dolcetto)
White: Altesse, Jacquere, Bergeron (Roussanne), Molette, Chardonnay
Region:
Corsica
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Nielluccio, Sciaccarello, Carignan, Grenache, Cinsault, Alicante
White: Vermentino, Muscat
Region:
Burgundy (Bourgogne)
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Pinot Noir, Gamay
White: Chardonnay, Aligote
Region:
Chablis
Location:
North-central
Principal varietals:
White: Chardonnay
Region:
Bordeaux
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot,
White: Semillon
Region:
Rhone
Location:
South-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Grenache, Mourvedre, Syrah
White: Roussanne, Marsanne, Viognier
Region:
Loire
Location:
West
Principal varietals:
Red: Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc
White: Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Chenin Blanc
Region:
Beaujolais
Location:
Central
Principal varietals:
Red: Gamay
White: Chardonnay
Region:
Provence
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Cinsault, Grenache,Tibouren, Carignan
White: Rolle, Ugnin Blanc, Clairette, Bourboulenc
Region:
Languedoc
Location:
Southwest
Principal varietals:
Red: Carignan, Cinsaut, Grenache, Mourvedre, Syrah
White: Aramon Roussillon
Region:
Champagne
Location:
North
Principal varietals:
Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier, Chardonnay
Region:
Alsace
Location:
East
Principal varietals:
White: Riesling, Gerwurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat, Sylvaner, Chasselas, Pinot Blanc
Region:
Jura
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Poulsard, Trousseau, Pinot Noir, Gamay
White: Savagnin, Chardonnay
Region:
Savoie
Location:
East-central
Principal varietals:
Red: Mondeuse, Gamay, Douce Noir (Dolcetto)
White: Altesse, Jacquere, Bergeron (Roussanne), Molette, Chardonnay
Region:
Corsica
Location:
South
Principal varietals:
Red: Nielluccio, Sciaccarello, Carignan, Grenache, Cinsault, Alicante
White: Vermentino, Muscat
Food: Nuts
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale)
Brazil Nut (Bertholettia excelsa)
Walnuts (Juglans regia)
Pecans Carya pecan
Almonds (Prunus dulcis)
Pistachios (Pistacia Vera)
Chestnuts (Castanea sativa)
Hazelnuts or Filberts (Corylus)
Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia)
Candlenuts Aleurites moluccana
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale)
Brazil Nut (Bertholettia excelsa)
Walnuts (Juglans regia)
Pecans Carya pecan
Almonds (Prunus dulcis)
Pistachios (Pistacia Vera)
Chestnuts (Castanea sativa)
Hazelnuts or Filberts (Corylus)
Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia)
Candlenuts Aleurites moluccana